The Infiniti Essence Concept

Infiniti Essence is the halo car of Infiniti that needs to define itself as a luxury sports car manufacturer. Representing the theme, "Everything I want, nothing I don't," the Essence is a front-engine, rear-drive sports coupe with seating for two. Its shape is sinewy with some interesting lines. Notably absent are side mirrors and they've been replaced with miniature cameras. The Power comes from a twin-turbocharged 3.7-liter V-6. It's not exactly the engine from the Nissan GT-R, but it is really close. The initial specs call for 434 horsepower with a 7500-rpm redline, but the final car promises a total output closer to 600 horsepower. Done with the addition of a hybrid drive system that integrates a 158-hp electric motor in parallel and combines the two power sources by way of clutches installed ahead of the transmission. A large lithium-ion battery pack leaves minimal space for luggage. The solution? Custom luggage from Louis Vuitton. With the click of a button the rear deck opens and out slides the custom cases. The automatic luggage ejection is neat — just what you'd expect of a concept. The Infiniti Essence is a part fantasy and part reality.

The Kia Forte LPI Hybrid

Kia Forte LPI hybrid car, powered by hybrid power train that consist of a 114 hp 1.6 liters LPI (Liquefied Petroleum Injected) engine and 20 hp electric motor. The company claims their new hybrid achieves fuel economy of 17.2 kilometers per liter of LPG fuel (41 MPG US), the equivalent to 21.5 kilometers per liter of gasoline. The electric motor is powered by highly advanced lithium polymer (Li–poly) battery that is new lighter and smaller battery with higher output than nickel-metal hydride batteries.

What is a Fuel Pressure Regulator? Why & When do you need one?

What is a Fuel Pressure Regulator?

EFI fuel pressure regulators come in various shapes and sizes but all have the same purpose - to maintain a constant fuel pressure above the intake manifold pressure. The difference in pressure between the fuel rail and intake manifold or differential pressure across the injector should be maintained at a level to suit optimum injector operation.

Why and When do you need to install a Fuel Pressure Regulator?

The installation of an aftermarket fuel pressure regulator allows for the adjustment of fuel pressure to suit larger aftermarket injectors and other engine modifications. They are also necessary to regulate and flow increased volumes of fuel pumped by high flow aftermarket fuel pumps.

Fuel pressure regulator, which works with the fuel pump to maintain a steady pressure relationship between the fuel line side of the injectors and the intake manifold.
Most adjustable regulators are still one to one or close to that, however you can adjust the pressure at idle or full throttle for fine tuning. There is one other type of regulator that is used with aftermarket forced induction. These are rising rate regulators commonly called FMU's (fuel management unit). These regulators increase fuel pressure at a multiplication factor of boost. So instead of messing with complicated computers and injection duty cycles, these systems just increase fuel pressure to add fuel. They go inline down from the factory regulators and only start to add pressure under boost. So when you are off boost, you maintain factory tuning and drivability. Only as you get boost does the FMU begin to increase fuel pressure

Return Flow vs Base Pressure

· Ideally a fuel pressure regulator will provide a constant pressure differential across the injectors. Base pressure has been defined as the difference between the fuel rail pressure and the manifold pressure. This is the actual pressure across the injector that affects the amount of fuel flowing through the injector when it is open.

· If the base pressure is constant this will aid in tuning by reducing the number of variables the tuner must account for.

· The fuel pressure regulator should have the same base pressure at a given setting for all return flow rates through the regulator.

· The return flow through a regulator can vary from maximum return flow at idle to approximately 25% of the return flow at full throttle and maximum rpm. For example the test RX7 would return 6L/min at idle and 1.5L/min at 7000 rpm full throttle.

· The base pressure is typically tuned at idle when the most fuel is being returned.

· If large aftermarket pumps (or high volumes of fuel – eg alcohol based) are used this can mean the regulator is causing a restriction in flow at idle.

· This means that when the regulator is being tuned there is an increase is pressure due to the restriction in flow. This is caused by the regulator having to return too much fuel for its design. In effect the base pressure in then being set with a combination of spring pressure and pressure build up due to the flow.

· At higher load & rpm there is less fuel being returned through the regulator and the pressure increase due to the restriction in flow will be removed (as the regulator is designed to flow this flow rate) causing a drop in base pressure under these conditions.

· This drop is because without the restriction due to too much flow the regulator is only using spring pressure to regulate.

· The RX7 tested with twin bosch pumps give a good illustration of this effect with the TREG giving the most stable base pressure and competitors base pressure dropping by up to 4 psi

· Bench testing has also confirmed this relationship between regulated pressure and fuel flow.

Tips for future car racers

Start the engine either by turning it over or by electronic ignition. The motor should already be started by the time the announcer comes over the PA. Give it some gas to get her warm. Just keep an eye on the temp and be sure all gauges are working properly.
Racing sports cars means running 500 to 1000 horsepower, you can just imagine the g- forces that are in all that power. Many secrets for additional horsepower are turbo or bigger turbo. If you slide out when racing that means to much power for the track and need to tune before racing.

Racing with an automatic transmission over a standard in racing is not recommended. Usually this is for the rookies if they can’t shift on their own. Usually people who have been racing like to race with a Manuel because of the feel they get when downshifting then boosting back up to 8grand. Track cars or bracket cars can be used as automatics but when it comes to drag racing and drifting its all about the standard.

When you are racing sometimes it is hard or unavoidable to skid the wall. This is not a cause for alarm but should be taken seriously. If you are an experienced driver or racer then you are probably already fine with the wall but in drifting its different you’re sliding towards the wall at about 60 mph trying to drift parallel to it. It can get very insane at times when you see someone’s rear come within an inch of the wall and they drift it perfectly.


Always stay beneath the white lane at 100mph or over this is just so other racers can avoid crashes and crashing into one another. After you have made speed with others and are at speed you can begin drafting again.

Keep your eyes on the road or track at all times. Be steady and don’t let your hands ever slip off the wheel while making a fast turn or while drifting this can result in a crash injury or fatality.

Part of being careful and focused also knows that there is an emergency button on every sports car when it is being raced. It is usually in the middle of the dash where the driver can easily reach it and punch it. This button will automatically tell the cars ECU to shut down the cars motor.

Keep in mind that in a bad situation the sports car can still be driven but it isn’t a good idea since most sports cars being raced today are running with injected fluids such as methanol or alcohol.